Hydraulic Jump Calculator
Calculate hydraulic jump characteristics including sequent depths and energy loss in open channels
About this calculator
A hydraulic jump calculator determines critical flow characteristics when high-velocity water flow transitions to low-velocity flow in open channels. This phenomenon occurs in spillways, stilling basins, and irrigation canals, creating turbulent energy dissipation. The calculator computes sequent depths (before and after the jump), energy loss, and jump length, helping engineers design safe hydraulic structures and prevent erosion downstream of dams and weirs.
How to use
Enter the initial flow depth and velocity (or Froude number) upstream of the hydraulic jump location. The calculator will compute the downstream sequent depth, energy loss across the jump, and other relevant parameters. Ensure your input values represent supercritical flow conditions (Froude number greater than 1) for accurate results.
Frequently asked questions
What is a hydraulic jump?
A hydraulic jump is a sudden transition from fast, shallow flow to slow, deep flow in open channels, creating turbulent mixing and energy dissipation.
When do hydraulic jumps occur?
Hydraulic jumps occur when supercritical flow (high velocity, shallow depth) encounters downstream conditions that force transition to subcritical flow (low velocity, deeper flow).
Why is energy loss important in hydraulic jumps?
Energy loss quantifies the dissipation of kinetic energy, which is crucial for designing stilling basins and preventing downstream erosion in hydraulic structures.